Northern Lights: How IT and Data Science Unveil the Mysteries of the Aurora Borealis
This week, the aurora borealis obscured the skies over Calgary on two occasions: October 7 and 10, 2024. This interaction of solar particles and the Earth’s geomagnetic field creates auroras at high latitudes. The dancing lights occur because the solar wind cannot dissipate the geomagnetized electric belt. And it is common for auroras to occur with greater chances at the autumn and spring equinoxes, around September and March, respectively. This is largely due to the increased probability of the solar wind interacting with the Earth’s geomagnetic field around these periods. In IT, space monitoring systems, such as NASA’s THEMIS mission and the European Space Agency’s Swarm satellites, make these measurements using solar wind and geomagnetic monitoring sensors, which in turn send this data to servers and networks, whose algorithms model the Earth’s geomagnetic field so far. Thanks to artificial intelligence and machine learning, it is possible to identify patter...